We never see Princess Jasmine's late mother, but her presence looms in the background of the story pretty much from the start. Jasmine bumps into Aladdin while she's wearing a disguise in one of Agrabah's street markets, and just like in the original, she gives two starving children loaves of bread because she can see that they're hungry. Of course, this doesn't go over well with the stall's owner, who demands payment. That's when Aladdin steps in to save the day, offering to trade Jasmine's fancy bracelet for the bread, only to steal it back for her a few seconds later.
The interaction is what kicks off their bond, and as we come to find out, the told and turquoise bracelet once belonged to Jasmine's mother and is of great value to her. Jasmine goes on to mention that the queen was from a neighbouring country, and helped foster peace between her former people and her new home. The film never touches on how she died, but it's clear that her strength is what pushes Jasmine to speak up for herself against Jafar.