"The Dropout" Cast Side By Side With Their Real-Life Counterparts

Elizabeth Holmes founded Theranos in 2003 after dropping out of Stanford University in her sophomore year. Touting a game-changing miniature testing device that could run dozens of medical tests on a single drop of blood, Holmes convinced scientists to work for her and investors to sink millions into her company. Only problem was her technology simply never worked.

By deceiving her investors and keeping her employees quiet about her faulty tech through intimidation and NDAs, Holmes managed to become the youngest self-made billionaire by 2015, with her company valued at $9 billion.

Following a devastating exposé by the Wall Street Journal and an investigation by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, Holmes was charged with two counts of conspiracy to commit wire fraud and nine counts of wire fraud. She was found guilty on four of those counts. She faces up to 20 years in prison for her crimes.

According to Business Insider, Sunny Balwani met Elizabeth Holmes while on a trip to Beijing as part of Stanford University's Mandarin Program. The two allegedly started a romantic relationship after Holmes dropped out and was in the workings of launching Theranos.

Before Theranos, Balwani helped create the software development company CommerceBid, which was eventually bought out by Commerce One, a deal that saw Balwani walk away from the company around the year 2000 as a multi-millionaire.

He joined Theranos in 2009 and soon became president and chief operating officer of the company. He was known as Holmes's "enforcer."

Along with Holmes, Balwani was charged with massive fraud by the Securities and Exchange Commission, including nine charges of fraud and two charges of conspiracy fraud, as reported by The Sun.

Dr. Phyllis Gardner was an early critic of Holmes's business aspirations at Stanford, where she served as a Medical School Professor. In the early 2000s, before she dropped out, Holmes discussed her ideas with Gardner. At the time, her future business hinged on a patch that could detect infections in a person, and dispense antibiotics according to the diagnosis. Gardner conveyed to Holmes that, for several reasons, her idea was not realistic, but that didn't stop Holmes from pursuing her med-tech dreams and being branded "brilliant" by the media and Silicon Vally investors who'd fallen hook, line, and sinker for her cons.

"The hubris of that just drove me insane," she told Refinery29 in 2019. "Don't call her 'brilliant.' She is just a whipper-snapper kid. It was very tough for me all those years, and part of it was that women were idolizing her. I didn't like that they were idolizing a fraud... I don't want anyone to think this has anything to do with anti-woman bias. This has everything to do with anti-sociopath virus... I just am glad that she is done shamming the world and endangering patients. It drove me crazy."

Tyler Shultz met Holmes through his grandfather, George Shultz, director of Theranos. Shultz was a student at Stanford when he met Holmes and started interning at Theranos his junior year. During his time at the company, however, he began to pick up on failings in the technology that were not being addressed by Holmes, or anyone else working at Theranos. When his concerns were ignored, Shultz contacted The Wall Street Journal and New York state's public-health lab to blow the whistle on the fraud being perpetrated at the company, which in part, caused its downfall.

In his lifetime, George Shultz (Tyler's grandfather) held several positions in the United States government, most notably Secretary of State under former President Ronald Regan. He became a member on the board of directors at Theranos in 2011 and served on the board until 2015 amidst the scandal and fall of the company.