Prostaglandins produced by the COX enzyme help protect stomach and intestinal lining from the harmful effects of stomach acids that are used to digest food. So without adequate prostaglandins, the gastrointestinal lining is exposed to chronic irritation from these acids, explains Dr. Linder.
When there’s agitation, it can ultimately cause ulcers in the stomach and intestines, leading to a slew of uncomfortable symptoms, like abdominal pain, and in rarer cases, potentially dangerous internal bleeding, he says. So if you’re noticing serious tummy troubles and pain, stop taking ibuprofen immediately to see if the cramping stops, and chat with your doctor.